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Expert reviewed by Professor Mike Barnes, Scientific Advisor · Reviewed December 2025

CBD & Pain

Discover why thousands use our CBD Creams, Balms, and Oils for all types of pain relief.

“There is now significant evidence that CBD has anti-inflammatory and pain perception properties that can assist people living with pain.”
CBD Professor Mike Barnes
Professor Mike Barnes
Consultant Neurologist

Acute or Chronic Pain?

Pain is a signal in your nervous system that something may be wrong. It is an unpleasant feeling, such as a prick, tingle, sting, burn or ache. Pain may be sharp or dull. It may come and go, or it may be constant.

Chronic Pain

Chronic pain is defined as pain that persists for an extended period of time, usually longer than three to six months, and is often caused by an underlying medical condition or injury.

It is estimated that 43% of UK adults (just under 28 million people) currently live with a degree of chronic pain. Source: The British Pain Society (britishpainsociety.org).<

Pain Relief with CBD for Joint, muscle, nerve, acute, and chronic pain.
“There is now significant evidence that CBD has anti-inflammatory and pain perception properties that can assist people living with pain.”
CBD Professor Mike Barnes
Professor Mike Barnes
Consultant Neurologist

CBD & Chronic Pain

To understand this, it’s important to first have a basic understanding of the endocannabinoid system (ECS).

The ECS is involved in regulating a variety of psychological and cognitive processes, including pain sensation, appetite, mood, and sleep.

The Endocannabinoid System

CBD interacts with the body’s endocannabinoid system (and other systems) by positively affecting the cannabinoid receptors, primarily CB1 and CB2 receptors.

... and for chronic pain?

Research suggests this interaction can help reduce inflammation and pain perception by inhibiting the release of pro-inflammatory molecules and increasing the levels of anti-inflammatory molecules.

Choosing the right format for joint and muscle discomfort

Format matters more than most people realise. Creams, balms and muscle rubs work locally, in the skin and tissue where you apply them, which is why they are the natural starting point for a specific joint or muscle. CBD patches are the transdermal exception, designed for prolonged wear, while CBD oils take a whole-body approach. Our guide to topical vs transdermal CBD explains the difference, and if you are not sure whether your discomfort is joint, muscle or nerve in origin, this walkthrough will point you to the right format.

CBD as a solution to ease chronic pain
“There is now significant evidence that CBD has anti-inflammatory and pain perception properties that can assist people living with pain.”
CBD Professor Mike Barnes
Professor Mike Barnes
Consultant Neurologist

CBD & Joint Pain

Joint pain happens because joints are complex structures with cartilage, synovial fluid, bone, ligaments, and a capsule lining — and damage or inflammation to any of these can trigger pain signals.

Joint Conditions

Osteoarthritis

The breakdown of cartilage, causing debris to trigger an inflammatory reaction in the joint lining. This leads to the release of enzymes which further breakdown cartilage. Most prominent for weight-bearing joints.

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks the joint lining, flooding the joint with inflammatory cells. The irritated lining thickens, eroding the surrounding cartilage and bone. Commonly affects symmetrical joints.

Why CBD?

CBD has 2 main types of receptors – CB1R and CB2R. CB2R in particular are found on immune cells, binding to which causes a reduction in immune cell activity and so CBD may dampen inflammatory molecules involved in conditions like RA and OA.

 

CBD also interacts with other receptors, including TRPV1 (involved in pain and heat sensation) and serotonin receptors (5-HT), which may contribute to pain modulation independent of cannabinoid receptors.

CBD can help reduce pain and inflammation in elderly joint pain for exercise support
Close-up of a person in a blue shirt holding their hands and fingers in pain due to joint issues like arthritis
“There is now significant evidence that CBD has anti-inflammatory and pain perception properties that can assist people living with pain.”
CBD Professor Mike Barnes
Professor Mike Barnes
Consultant Neurologist

CBD & Muscle Pain

There are many causes for inflammation in muscles – often resulting from a strain or tear which causes persistent pain signalling and inflammation.

Muscle & Tendon Injuries

Plantar Fasciitis

Starts as an inflammatory response in the thick tissue beneath the foot due to repetitive micro-tears from overuse. The effect can be a sharp, stabbing heel pain that’s improves with use.

Rotator Cuff Injury

Begins with tendinitis — inflammation of the rotator cuff muscles and tendons, frequently from repetitive overhead motion. This inflammation causes swelling, which can further narrow the space the tendon moves through, worsening irritation and pain, particularly with overhead reaching.

Why CBD?

CBD’s interaction with CB2 receptors on immune cells could dampen the inflammatory cascade that follows muscle damage (the swelling, soreness, and immune cell infiltration seen after strains, tears, or intense exercise).

Muscle cramp and injury while exercising
CBD topical creams and balms can relieve inflammation and pain in muscles from age
“There is now significant evidence that CBD has anti-inflammatory and pain perception properties that can assist people living with pain.”
CBD Professor Mike Barnes
Professor Mike Barnes
Consultant Neurologist

Latest Research on Pain

Several studies have investigated the potential therapeutic effects of CBD on chronic pain. For example, a 2018 review of 79 clinical studies found that there was moderate-quality evidence Cannabinoids may be effective in reducing chronic pain associated with conditions such as multiple sclerosis, neuropathic pain, and rheumatoid arthritis.

A 2013 study suggests that CBD and other cannabinoids may help reduce chronic pain by interacting with the body’s endocannabinoid system, which plays a role in regulating pain sensation, mood, and other physiological processes. 

It is also suggested that CBD may have anti-inflammatory properties, which can help reduce pain and inflammation associated with conditions such as arthritis, multiple sclerosis and fibromyalgia.

In a 2016 study published in the European Journal of Pain, researchers found that CBD could be effective in reducing pain and inflammation in animals with chronic pain conditions, such as arthritis.

What the evidence does, and does not, show

We think it is important to be straight about the limits of this research. Much of it involves prescribed, pharmaceutical-grade cannabinoids or animal models rather than over-the-counter food supplements, and NICE does not currently recommend CBD for chronic pain outside a clinical trial. That is why we present CBD as one option within a wider approach to managing discomfort, never a treatment or a cure. If pain is persistent, worsening or affecting your daily life, speak to your GP first. When you do choose to try CBD, our dosage guide explains how to approach amounts sensibly.

CBD lab testing and CBD research

Research Studies & Clinical Trials on CBD & Pain

Cannabinoid Delivery Systems for Pain and Inflammation Treatment

Bruni N, Della Peppa C, Oliaro-Bosso, S et al (2018)

Transdermal Cannabidiol Reduces Inflammation and Pain-Related Behaviours in a Rat Model of Arthritis

Hammell, D.C., Zhang, L.P., Ma, F., Abshire, S.M., McIlwrath, S.L., Stinchcomb, A.L. and Westlund, K.N. (2016)